Immigration reforms have cleared the Commons amid warnings they are a "PR exercise to camouflage" the Government's failings.
Labour and the SNP rejected claims the Immigration Bill will further improve the system and warned vulnerable people will be put more at risk.
But Home Secretary Theresa May rejected the criticism from the Opposition, insisting the measures bring "clarity, fairness and integrity" to the immigration system.
MPs heard the legislation seeks to make illegal working a criminal offence - with Mrs May labelling this a pull factor for people moving to the UK - restrict services to illegal migrants and help landlords to evict them.
Rogue landlords will also be punished if they repeatedly rent properties to illegal migrants, the Government added, while Border Force powers will be strengthened to enable them to stop vessels at sea and public sector workers who deal with the public must speak English.
The Bill received a third reading by 307 votes to 245, majority 62.
Ahead of the vote, shadow home secretary Andy Burnham said: "I will always support practical measures to deal with the public's legitimate concerns about immigration and there are some measures in this Bill which we support, particularly the emphasis on labour market enforcement and English language requirements in public services.
"But I won't do is lend our name to desperate attempts to legislate in haste and half-baked measures that owe more to a PR exercise to camouflage a record of failure than a considered attempt to create the firm but fair immigration system of which the Home Secretary spoke."
He warned "unscrupulous employers" will feel "emboldened" by measures in the Bill designed to make illegal working a criminal offence, as workers will lack the courage to come forward and report them to the authorities.
For the SNP, immigration spokesman Stuart McDonald said the Bill does nothing to resolve the challenges of migration nor maximise its benefits.
He added it will not help the Government to reach its "bogus" target of reducing net migration to tens of thousands.
Mr McDonald, outlining the SNP's objections, said: "However you look at it - from the rule of law perspective, from human rights, the best interests of children or just simple common decency - this Bill is pretty desperate stuff."
Opening the third reading debate, Mrs May said: "When the Government first came to power in 2010 the immigration system we inherited was chaotic and uncontrolled.
"Over the past five years we've taken great strides forward in reforming that system... These reforms are working but we must go further.
"This Bill will build on our achievements and ensure we have an immigration system which is firm and effective, fair on the British public and fair on those who come here legitimately - and which, most importantly, serves the national interest."
During the report stage of the Bill, the Government rejected calls for the introduction of a 28-day time limit on immigration detention.
Immigration Minister James Brokenshire also outlined controversial plans to strip failed asylum seekers of basic support of shelter and around £35 a week for essentials.
Shadow Home Office minister Sir Keir Starmer labelled this plan "wrong in principle and very likely to be counter-productive".
Former shadow home secretary Yvette Cooper also called for family reunion rules for refugees to be changed, insisting the existing provisions are "simply not working".
The Bill will undergo further scrutiny in the Lords.
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