THOSE born after 1998 in Northern Ireland have been afforded a very different experience of growing up than their parents, one that is free from the trauma of war.
The Good Friday Agreement did not eradicate all paramilitary violence, nor did it heal the sectarian wounds that continue to divide Catholic and Protestant communities. But it would not be overstating matters to say the accord, signed in Belfast 20 years ago today, has had a transformative effect on life for the 1.8 million citizens who live in the Province.
Martin Dillon: 'Irish tendency to revert to the gun remains a real risk'
Visit Belfast now and you will find a vibrant and diverse European city that relies on financial services, the tech industry and tourism. Indeed, it can be difficult to believe that only a generation ago British troops patrolled the streets, their presence welcomed by one side of the community, despised by the other. Life went on during the 30 years of The Troubles, but it was frequently shattered by bombs and bullets, and few families on either side of the sectarian divide were untouched by the violence. More than 3,600 people were killed and many thousands more injured as paramilitary groups and the security forces waged war.
The psychological toll is not so easy to measure and continues to impact many. But as the years go by, more distance is put between the violent past and the peaceful present that is all the younger generation has known.
The process that led to the Good Friday Agreement was long, hard and frustrating. There were many false dawns and walkouts. But the fact that the opposing Unionist and Nationalist sides eventually signed up to a power-sharing agreement, with the support of the British and Irish Governments, still seems miraculous. Thirty years of bloodshed was over; the people of Northern Ireland had voted unanimously for a different future.
Tony Blair: Justifying deal to victims’ families was my hardest task
The road hasn’t always been smooth in the following years; indeed, the assembly and executive at Stormont was dissolved more than a year ago – ironically over a corruption scandal - with the Democratic Unionist Party and Sinn Fein, the two largest parties, failing to find a way forward.
But this cannot diminish the many positive changes that have taken place since 1998, not least the embrace of peace and the gradual ability of the people of Northern Ireland to look beyond the divide.
One of the key facets of the last 20 years has been the strengthening economic and social relationship between Northern Ireland and the Republic. As part of the Good Friday Agreement the people of the Province were able to express their identity and culture more freely – including through passports - whether that be British or Irish. The border between the two countries disintegrated and a healthy interdependency, at least in terms of trade, has flourished.
The Brexit vote, with the accompanying uncertainty over the status of that border, puts this hard-won relationship in jeopardy. The thought of guards patrolling a hard border puts a chill in the heart of many who lived through the Troubles, and this situation must be avoided at all costs.
Comment: How the Women’s Coalition nudged all sides towards a vital inclusive approach
But, as the last few months have shown, no easy answers exist to this uncomfortable scenario, especially since the UK Government’s negotiating position is so weak. All parties say they do not want a return to the hard border of the past, but none has yet come up with a way to avoid it. Indeed, some in the extreme pro-Brexit camp seem prepared to sacrifice stability in Northern Ireland if it allows the severing of trade ties with the EU.
This is a dangerous approach indeed, and Prime Minister Theresa May must find a way to show the people of Northern Ireland - as well as the rest of the UK - that Brexit cannot and will not undo the legacy of the Good Friday Agreement. Peace and prosperity is simply too precious.
Why are you making commenting on The Herald only available to subscribers?
It should have been a safe space for informed debate, somewhere for readers to discuss issues around the biggest stories of the day, but all too often the below the line comments on most websites have become bogged down by off-topic discussions and abuse.
heraldscotland.com is tackling this problem by allowing only subscribers to comment.
We are doing this to improve the experience for our loyal readers and we believe it will reduce the ability of trolls and troublemakers, who occasionally find their way onto our site, to abuse our journalists and readers. We also hope it will help the comments section fulfil its promise as a part of Scotland's conversation with itself.
We are lucky at The Herald. We are read by an informed, educated readership who can add their knowledge and insights to our stories.
That is invaluable.
We are making the subscriber-only change to support our valued readers, who tell us they don't want the site cluttered up with irrelevant comments, untruths and abuse.
In the past, the journalist’s job was to collect and distribute information to the audience. Technology means that readers can shape a discussion. We look forward to hearing from you on heraldscotland.com
Comments & Moderation
Readers’ comments: You are personally liable for the content of any comments you upload to this website, so please act responsibly. We do not pre-moderate or monitor readers’ comments appearing on our websites, but we do post-moderate in response to complaints we receive or otherwise when a potential problem comes to our attention. You can make a complaint by using the ‘report this post’ link . We may then apply our discretion under the user terms to amend or delete comments.
Post moderation is undertaken full-time 9am-6pm on weekdays, and on a part-time basis outwith those hours.
Read the rules here